The Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation was adopted at the Fifth Conference of Parties (COP-5) on10 December 1999. The Protocol talks began in 1993 in response to the concerns of developing countries about their lack of funds and technologies for coping with illegal dumping or accidental spills.

The objective of the Protocol is to provide for a comprehensive regime for liability as well as adequate and prompt compensation for damage resulting from the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes and other wastes, including incidents occurring because of illegal traffic in those wastes.

The Protocol addresses who is financially responsible in the event of an incident. Each phase of a transboundary movement, from the point at which the wastes are loaded on the means of transport to their export, international transit, import, and final disposal, is considered.

Final text of the Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish

Status of ratifications of the Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation. The Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, formal confirmation, approval or accession.

The Conference of the Parties at its ninth meeting, appeals to the Parties to the Convention to expedite the process of ratifying the Protocol in order to facilitate its entry into force at the earliest opportunity.

Decisions of the Conference of the Parties to the Basel Convention and of the Open-ended Working Group on the Protocol on Liability and Compensation.

Regional Workshops aimed at Promoting Ratification of the Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation for Damage resulting from Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal.

• Instruction Manual for Implementation of the Basel Protocol on Liability and Compensation
• Documents relating to the development of the Protocol
• Draft Protocol on Liability and Compensation: an explanatory note about unresolved issues, draft proposals for articles 3(5), 3(6) and 16 and more.
• Consultant's Study on financial limits of liability under the Protocol (Summary, Full Study)
• Ad Hoc Working Group: Documents of the Ad Hoc Working Group of Legal and Technical Experts to Consider and Develop a Draft Protocol on Liability and Compensation for Damage Resulting from Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (work completed December 1999)